Help Your Baby Sleep Right Now the Sensible Way
Michelle Kemp is the Author
of Two Weeks to Sleep - A Sensible Guide for First Time Parents and Blogger
for www.onenormalfamily.com. Michelle is married to
James and Mum of Max (17 months).
I believe that you must have certain foundations in place to be able to
live the life you want to live. One of those foundations is a good nights
sleep. We are able to survive on little sleep for a short period of time but we
can’t function on this for long. After a couple of months sleep deprivation
catches up with us and can cause problems such as memory and energy loss.
When a new baby joins a family everyone expects to forgo sleep for a
little while. Newborn babies need to wake regularly to feed as they have very
small stomachs. When a baby comes into your life you have to be realistic and
live with broken sleep for a short period of time. There comes a point though
when you have to claim your sleep back. If you don’t do this you
will stumble through life for the next several years in a hazy fog. It’s not
just us parents who suffer due to lack of sleep. Your baby needs a certain
amount to grow, develop and enjoy life.
Below are four basic principles that will help you guide your baby
into becoming a good sleeper. These four basic principles are: treat
day as day and night as night, observe your baby, help your baby to self-settle
and follow a routine.
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Parent and baby learning together |
Treat Day as Day and Night as Night
As soon as your baby is born you can start to show him the difference
between day and night. During the day keep the house light and airy. Engage
your baby and go out for walks or trips out together. During the night make
sure the room he is sleeping in is dark and quiet. Use a night light when
feeding your baby and keep diaper changes minimal. If you need to speak in the
room he is sleeping in then do it as quietly as possible. Evening life should
be able to go on in the rest of your home and your baby should be fine with a
low hum of background noise. Just make sure that whoever enters the room your
baby is sleeping in to tend to him at night follows the night-time guidelines.
Observe your Baby
Most parents feel pretty nervous when they bring a new baby home. You
now have this small defenceless little person to look after. Her health, her
happiness; well actually her everything rests in your hands. You are unsure of
what to do and don’t speak her language. You have just met her and now you have
to do everything for her and get it right. So of course every time she makes
even the smallest sound while she sleeps you are leaning over her making sure
she is ok. If she doesn’t make any noise for 5 minutes you are checking to make
sure she is breathing. When she cries you quickly pick her up and try to fix
whatever is wrong. It is totally natural to feel this way. We have all been
there.
Now take a deep breath and stop. Next time your baby wakes up and cries
stay where you are and listen. What is she trying to tell you? Is she actually
communicating with you at all or is she just annoyed because she woke up and
now wants to go back to sleep? Babies sleep in shorter cycles than adults.
Adults go through 1 hour 30 minute cycles where as babies go through 45 minute
to 1 hour cycles. These cycles increase in length from 3 months old. Our sleep
cycle starts with drowsiness to light sleep. Then moves to deep sleep followed
by REM (dream sleep). Once we pass through REM we move back into deep sleep,
and light sleep and then we may wake. It is at this point that a baby may cry
because she wants to go back to sleep but can’t.
One of the best things a parent can do for their baby is take the time
to learn her language. We all have the ability to do this but we wont learn a
thing if we just react without listening and thinking. By learning your baby’s
language you will gain her trust. She will feel secure in knowing that you will
respond to her correctly or leave her alone when she wants to be left alone.
Babies use two types of cries. One is an emotional cry and the other is
a protest cry. You must respond to an emotional cry. A baby will use this if
she is hungry, uncomfortable due to a wet or soiled diaper or is too cold or
hot, in pain or has had a fright. An emotional cry sounds urgent, is a constant
pitch and is continuous. You do not always need to respond to a protest cry. A
baby usually uses this when she is fighting sleep. Babies will often protest
cry for a little while when you put them down for a nap or at bedtime. They do
this if they need to let off a bit steam before going to sleep. A protest cry
varies in pitch and is not continuous. The gaps between crying get longer
before they nod off. The thing with a protest cry that can throw you a bit is
sometimes they can let out a few big loud cries. You still don’t need to
respond to this if this all it is. This is actually a good thing as babies
often do this right before they go to sleep. If the crying changes to emotional
at anytime you need to respond.
Next time your baby cries during a nap or during the night don’t rush
straight to her. Stop and listen. Is it an emotional cry or is it a protest
cry? If it is an emotional cry go to her. Having a routine in place will help
you work out what it is she needs as if she is due a feed soon then you know
that she is most likely crying because she is hungry. If she is protest crying
and she is not due to get up from her nap or its too early to start the day
then give her a chance to put herself back to sleep.
The table below shows the minimum amount of time you must let your baby
protest cry for before going to her. If you go in before this time then you are
possibly stopping her from going back to sleep and you are not letting her
learn to self-settle. The age range 0 – 2 months has not been included in
the table as it is difficult for a parent of a newborn to fully understand
their baby’s cries. If your baby is below 2 months old then you should focus on
learning your baby’s language. Once you are confident that you know the
difference between an emotional and a protest cry then allow a couple of
minutes before responding to a protest cry.
It is important to observe your baby when she is awake too. Watch for
signs from your baby as to when she is getting tired. These signs can include
yawning, eye rubbing, thumb or hand sucking,some babies even become over active. By observing your baby you will know
when it’s time to put her down for a nap. It is harder for babies to
self-settle if they are over tired.
Help your Baby to Self-Settle
Instead of using quick fix sleep aids you need to help your baby learn
how to self-settle. This will involve some hard work on your part but always
remember that you are providing your baby with a lifelong skill. There are some
key things you must always stick to when helping your baby learn this skill.
Firstly always put your baby down in her cot still awake and once you have got
her bedding sorted leave the room. Stick to the minimum amount of time to let
your baby protest cry outlined in the table above. Make sure you have a timer
or clock handy, as it is very easy to convince to yourself that the time is up
when it's not. You are timing her continuous crying so if she pauses for more
than 10 seconds you need to start timing again. Don’t spend the time hovering
outside the door. Use the time to do something for yourself. Just make sure you
can hear your baby so you can time the protesting and so you can check to make
sure the crying has not become emotional.
If your baby is still protesting after the minimum amount of time
outlined in the table above. You can either leave her for a bit longer if you
think she might just about be drifting off or you can go into the room she is
sleeping in. When you go in do not look at her or engage her in anyway. I
recommend keeping a lightweight chair in the room your baby is sleeping in or
bring one in with you. You are going to need one as you are now in for the long
haul. When you decide to enter the room your baby is in you must be committed
to helping her self-settle.
If your baby is not able to stand then pull the chair up to her cot or
crib. Do not speak to her or give her eye contact. Just gently rub or pat her
tummy in a repetitive motion. The idea with this is that you are telling her
that she is not coming out as it is time to sleep but you are with her. Keep
rubbing her tummy until she falls asleep. Once she is asleep leave the room.
If after 20 minutes of rubbing her tummy your baby is still protesting
you can either keep going or you can take a break. This break is for you rather
than for your baby as you may be getting a sore arm by now or feeling frazzled.
If you need a break then get her up for 10 minutes but try to keep this as
quiet and calm as possible. After 10 minutes put her back into her cot and
leave the room. Repeat the waiting process above and if she is still not asleep
then go back in and repeat the self-settling process.
If your baby is able to rollover both ways and now prefers to sleep on
her tummy then gently and repetitively rub or pat her back. Most babies are
able to roll from tummy to back first. Once your baby is able to roll both ways
you can leave her sleeping on her tummy as you know that she now has the
strength to correct herself or that this may now be her preferred sleeping
position. Our son learnt to roll the other way round first. So he would roll
onto his tummy and look very pleased with himself and then cry, as he wanted to
go onto his back again. He would do this during the night too and it lasted for
a couple of weeks until he was able to roll both ways. We responded to this cry
as an emotional cry and went straight to him and gently flipped him onto his
back. He would go straight back to sleep most times but a couple of times we
used the self-settling method as his crying had changed from emotional to
protesting.
Babies who can stand need to be taught to self-settle differently. Once
your baby is able to stand in her cot it is very important that you lower it so
that she doesn’t fall out. The first part of this method is the same so put her
down in her cot awake and on her back. If she stays on her back then leave the
room and wait the minimum time outlined in the table above. If she stands up
then gently put her back down on her back and try not to engage her. Keep doing
this each time she stands up. Do it up to 12 times if she keeps standing and
after the 12th time leave the room. Then wait the minimum time
outlined in the table above and repeat the process if you need to. Keep doing
this until she goes to sleep. The idea of this method is that you are showing
her what you want her to do. If you are consistent with this method she will learn
and she will put herself to sleep.
In order for babies to learn to self-settle and sleep independently they
need to sleep in their own crib or cot. I do not recommend that your baby
sleeps in your bed.
Make sure you burp your baby properly after each breastfeed or formula
feed until she is able to do it herself. Babies who have not been burped
properly can often have trouble settling to sleep, as they are
uncomfortable.
NOTE: Remember that when babies protest cry they can let out a few big
loud cries. Don’t respond to this straight away, as your baby may just be about
to go to sleep.
Follow a Routine
Babies thrive on routine. When a baby is established on a routine he
feels secure. He knows that he will be fed regularly, and will be given
opportunities to get enough sleep; there will be time for playing and exploring
and time for relaxing. As your baby grows up his routine will need to adapt
with him. He will be able to go longer between feeds and naps. His overall
naptime needs to be slowly reduced during the day so that the length of time he
sleeps at night increases. This is a bit of a balancing act, as he will need
enough naps during the day to keep him refreshed so he has energy to explore
and play. Enough daytime sleep also helps with night-time sleep as this means
he will not be over tired when you put him to bed. Babies do not settle well
when they are overtired.
You need to feed your baby enough during the day so that when he is
ready to sleep through the night he can, as he doesn’t need to wake to be fed.
The routines in my book provide the right number of feeds and / or solid meals
a day. The amount your baby takes at each feed or solid meal will vary. Babies
instinctively know how much they need to eat so let your baby guide you on
this. Some days he will not want much at all and this often happens when babies
are teething. If he is going through a growth spurt you will be amazed at how
much he can put away.
You need to make sure your baby has opportunities to engage in some age
appropriate activities during the day and also ensure that there is some quiet
time so that he can relax if he wants to.
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Max laughing with his Daddy during activity time
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Please feel free to leave comments as I am more than happy to answer any questions you may have.